The Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) has raised concerns over declining confidence levels among manufacturers in Nigeria, particularly in the iron, metal, and steel industry, due to prolonged delays in the commencement of operations at the Ajaokuta Steel Company and the Aluminum Smelter Company.
This was revealed in the Q4 2024 Manufacturers CEO Confidence Index (MCCI) report, which highlighted a drop in confidence levels across several manufacturing sub-sectors.
Steel and Metal Sector Struggles Amid Delays
The Basic Metal, Iron & Steel sub-sector recorded a decline in confidence, falling from 58 points in Q3 2024 to 57 points in Q4 2024, largely due to continued dependence on imported raw materials.
"The prolonged delay in the take-off of these key industrial projects has left operators in the Basic Metal, Iron & Steel Sectoral Group heavily reliant on imported metallic materials, making them highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of foreign exchange volatility," the report stated.
Electrical Sector Hit by Weak Consumer Spending and High Tariffs
The Electrical & Electronics Sectoral Group also suffered a setback, with its confidence level dropping from 52.5 points in Q3 2024 to 51.3 points in Q4 2024. This decline was attributed to dwindling consumer purchasing power and frequent electricity tariff hikes, leading to reduced demand for household electrical appliances.
Similarly, the Non-Metallic Sectoral Group, which includes cement and glass manufacturers, saw confidence levels plummet from 57.6 points in Q3 2024 to 50.2 points in Q4 2024. The decline was fueled by rising energy costs, forex instability, expiration of pioneer tax incentives, and enforcement of the ban on tinted vehicle glasses.
"Despite the increasing number of large-scale infrastructure projects in the public sector, the confidence of operators within the Non-Metallic Sectoral Group was dampened by the rising energy cost, huge Forex losses, the expiration of pioneer tax incentives across multiple cement plants, and the renewed enforcement of the ban on tinted vehicle glasses," the report noted.
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Positive Outlook for Plastic, Rubber, and Wood Sectors
While some sectors experienced setbacks, others recorded significant improvements in confidence levels:
- Domestic/Industrial Plastic & Rubber: Confidence rose by 3.3 points, from 48 points in Q3 2024 to 51.3 points in Q4 2024, due to the expansion of recycling hubs, which have lowered production costs despite forex constraints.
- Wood & Wood Products: The sector recorded a 3.2-point increase, from 48 points in Q3 2024 to 51.2 points in Q4 2024, driven by rising furniture demand in the real estate sector and the lifting of the export ban on processed wood, fueling exports to Europe and Asia.
- Pulp, Paper, and Packaging: Confidence increased by 1.4 points, reaching 52.9 points in Q4 2024, as more businesses adopted digitalization and self-publishing models.
- Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals: Confidence in this sector saw a slight increase of 0.3 points, from 50.5 points in Q3 2024 to 50.8 points in Q4 2024, driven by stability in drug prices and expanding local production.
- Food, Beverages & Tobacco: This sector experienced a 2.8-point jump, reaching 50.3 points in Q4 2024, benefiting from increased consumer spending during the festive season, particularly in the tourism and entertainment industries.
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However, some sectors remained below the 50-point benchmark, reflecting ongoing challenges:
- Textile, Apparel & Footwear: Confidence rose to 46.8 points from 44 points in Q3 2024, but the sector continues to grapple with rampant smuggling, an influx of imported textile products, and low patronage from government agencies.
- Motor Vehicle & Miscellaneous Assembly: The sector's confidence level edged up slightly from 44.0 points in Q3 2024 to 44.8 points in Q4 2024, yet it remained below the benchmark due to foreign exchange instability and import dependency.
The MCCI report underscores the mixed fortunes of Nigeria's manufacturing sector, with some industries experiencing renewed optimism while others remain hindered by macroeconomic uncertainties, forex volatility, and policy constraints.