Tanzania has officially emerged as the world's leading exporter of pigeon peas, marking a landmark achievement in the country's agricultural trade history.
This dramatic rise is credited to the government's strategic reforms under President Samia Suluhu Hassan, which have boosted production and streamlined access to global markets.
According to the United Nations' International Trade Centre (Trademap), Tanzania exported over 350,000 tonnes of pigeon peas last year, representing an 86 per cent increase from the 188,405 tonnes shipped the previous year. The exports earned the nation $240 million (approx. 622 billion TZS)—a record-breaking figure.
This surge places Tanzania ahead of long-time leader Myanmar, which exported 289,046 tonnes worth $315 million. Other major exporters included Sudan, Kenya, India, and Malawi.
Government-Driven Growth
Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture, Mr Gerald Mweli, attributed the success to government initiatives, including subsidised fertilisers, quality seeds, and electronic marketing systems like the Tanzania Mercantile Exchange (TMX).
"These measures have reduced production costs, increased yields, and ensured fair prices and instant cash payments for farmers," said Mr Mweli.
He added that the government plans to distribute 200,000 tonnes of subsidised fertilisers this August marking the third consecutive year of such support to sustain momentum in the upcoming farming season.
Strategic Market Expansion Needed
While the milestone is a cause for celebration, experts warn against over-reliance on a single export destination. India accounted for 99.6% of Tanzania's pigeon pea exports in 2024 a sharp rise from 85% in previous years.
"India's stable import policy has encouraged Tanzanian farmers," said Mr Zirack Andrew, National Coordinator of the Tanzania Pulses Network. "But we must diversify markets to reduce risk."
Other buyers in 2024 included Pakistan, UAE, China, and Belgium, although their import volumes remained minimal.
Long-Term Opportunities and Challenges
Dr Sylvester Jotta, an economist from Saint Augustine University of Tanzania, called on financial institutions to support pigeon pea farmers through credit access and encouraged greater use of agricultural extension officers.
He also highlighted the importance of India's large vegetarian population over 1 billion as a consistent demand base for pigeon peas, making it a strategically vital market for Tanzanian exports.
With a strong foundation now in place, Tanzania is poised to build a more diversified and resilient agricultural export sector—anchored by policy reforms, farmer empowerment, and expanded global market access.
